Urtica dioica L.
No photo available
| Compound | Plant part | Pathway | Superclass | Class | Amount | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (-)-3,4-DIVANILLYLTETRAHYDROFURAN | root | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Lignans | Dibenzylbutyrolactone lignans | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| (-)-PINORESINOL | root | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Lignans | Furofuranoid lignans | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| (-)-SECOISOLARICIRESINOL | root | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Lignans | Dibenzylbutane lignans | 8 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| (-)-SECOISOLARICIRESINOL | root | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Lignans | Dibenzylbutane lignans | 42 ppm | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| (+)-ISOLARICIRESINOL | - | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Lignans | Arylnaphthalene and aryltetralin lignans | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| (+)-ISOLARICIRESINOL | root | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Lignans | Arylnaphthalene and aryltetralin lignans | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| (+)-LINALOOL | - | Terpenoids | Monoterpenoids | Acyclic monoterpenoids | - | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| (10E,12Z)-9-HYDROXY-10,12-OCTADECADIENOIC-ACID | - | Fatty acids | Octadecanoids | Other Octadecanoids | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| (6'PALMITOYL)-BETA-SITOSTEROL-3-O-BETA-GLUCOSIDE | root | - | - | - | 30 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| 13-HYDROXYOCTADECA-CIS-9-TRANS-11-DIENOIC-ACID | root | Fatty acids | Octadecanoids | Other Octadecanoids | 350 ppm | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| 2-METHYLHEPTEN-(2)-ON-(6) | essential oil | - | - | - | - | List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| 24R-ETHYL-5-ALPHA-CHOLESTANE-3-BETA,6-ALPHA-DIOL | root | - | - | - | 15 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| 3-BETA-HYDROXY-OLEAN-12-EN-28-ALDEHYDE | flower | Terpenoids | Triterpenoids | Oleanane triterpenoids | - | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| 3-BETA-HYDROXY-OLEAN-12-EN-28-ALDEHYDE | root | Terpenoids | Triterpenoids | Oleanane triterpenoids | 20 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| 4-AMINO-BUTYRIC-ACID | - | Amino acids and Peptides | Small peptides | Aminoacids | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| 4-HYDROXY-3-METHOXY-BENZOIC ACID | root | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Phenolic acids (C6-C1) | Cinnamic acids and derivatives | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| 4-HYDROXY-3-METHOXYPHENYLPROPANE | root | - | - | - | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| 4-HYDROXY-CINNAMIC-ACID | - | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Phenylpropanoids (C6-C3) | Cinnamic acids and derivatives | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE | - | Alkaloids | Tryptophan alkaloids | Simple indole alkaloids | - | ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes. |
| 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE | - | Alkaloids | Tryptophan alkaloids | Simple indole alkaloids | 0-200 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE | leaf | Alkaloids | Tryptophan alkaloids | Simple indole alkaloids | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| 7-ALPHA-HYDROXY-SITOSTEROL | root | Terpenoids | Steroids | Stigmastane steroids | 10 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| 7-ALPHA-HYDROXYDAUCOSTEROL | root | Terpenoids | Steroids | Stigmastane steroids | 2 ppm | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| 7-ALPHA-HYDROXYSITOSTEROL-3-O-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE | root | Terpenoids | Steroids | Stigmastane steroids | 5 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| 7-BETA-HYDROXYDAUCOSTEROL | root | Terpenoids | Steroids | Stigmastane steroids | 3 ppm | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| 7-BETA-HYDROXYSITOSTEROL | root | Terpenoids | Steroids | Stigmastane steroids | 10 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| 7-BETA-HYDROXYSITOSTEROL-3-O-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE | root | Terpenoids | Steroids | Stigmastane steroids | 5 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| 7'(E)-4,4',7,9,9'-PENTAHYDROXY-3,3'-DIMETHOXY-8.O,4'-LIGNAN | root | - | - | - | 10 ppm | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| 7'(E)-7-O-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYL-4,4',7,9,9'PENTAHYDROXY-3,3'-DIMETHOXY-8-O,4'-LIGNAN | root | - | - | - | 20 ppm | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| 9-ACETYL-NEOOLIVIL | root | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Lignans | Furanoid lignans | 10 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| 9-ACETYL-NEOOLIVIL-4-O-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE | root | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Lignans | Furanoid lignans | 40 ppm | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| 9,10,13-TRIHYDROXYOCTADEC-TRANS-11-ENOIC-ACID | root | - | - | - | 342 ppm | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| 9,12,13-TRIHYDROXY-OCTADEC-TRANS-10-ENOIC-ACID | root | - | - | - | 34 ppm | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| 9,9'-BIACETYL-NEOOLIVIL | root | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Lignans | Furanoid lignans | 70 ppm | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| 9,9'-BIACETYL-NEOOLIVIL-GLUCOSIDE | root | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Lignans | Furanoid lignans | 100 ppm | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| 9'-ACETYL-GLUCOSIDE | root | - | - | - | 60 ppm | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| ACETOPHENONE | - | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | - | - | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| ACETYL-CHOLINE | - | Fatty acids | Fatty esters | Wax monoesters | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| ACETYL-CHOLINE | leaf | Fatty acids | Fatty esters | Wax monoesters | 20 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| ADENOSINE | root | Carbohydrates | Nucleosides | Purine nucleos(t)ides | 20 ppm | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| AESCULETIN | - | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Coumarins | Simple coumarins | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| ALLANTOIC-ACID | - | Alkaloids | Pseudoalkaloids | Purine alkaloids | - | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| ANEURINE | leaf | Alkaloids | Nicotinic acid alkaloids | Pyridine alkaloids | 1-5 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| ASPARAGINE | - | Amino acids and Peptides | Small peptides | Aminoacids | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| ASTRAGALIN | - | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Flavonoids | Flavonols | 20 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| ASTRAGALIN | flower | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Flavonoids | Flavonols | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| BETA-SITOSTEROL-3-O-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE | root | Terpenoids | Steroids | Stigmastane steroids | 300-5000 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| BETAINE | - | Amino acids and Peptides | Small peptides | Aminoacids | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| BETAINE | leaf | Amino acids and Peptides | Small peptides | Aminoacids | - | ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes. |
| CAFFEIC-ACID | - | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Phenylpropanoids (C6-C3) | Cinnamic acids and derivatives | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| CAFFEIC-ACID | leaf | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Phenylpropanoids (C6-C3) | Cinnamic acids and derivatives | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| CAFFEIC-ACID-MALATE | leaf | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Phenylpropanoids (C6-C3) | Cinnamic acids and derivatives | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| CAFFEOYL-MALIC-ACID | - | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Phenylpropanoids (C6-C3) | Cinnamic acids and derivatives | 300-16000 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| CAFFEOYL-MALIC-ACID | aerial parts | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Phenylpropanoids (C6-C3) | Cinnamic acids and derivatives | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| CAFFEOYL-MALIC-ACID | flower | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Phenylpropanoids (C6-C3) | Cinnamic acids and derivatives | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| CAFFEOYL-MALIC-ACID | leaf | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Phenylpropanoids (C6-C3) | Cinnamic acids and derivatives | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| CAFFEOYL-MALIC-ACID | root | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Phenylpropanoids (C6-C3) | Cinnamic acids and derivatives | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| CAMPESTEROL | aerial parts | Terpenoids | Steroids | Cholestane steroids | - | Gruenwald, J. et al. 1998. PDR for Herbal Medicine. 1st ed. Medical Economics Co., Montvale, NJ. 1244 pp. (abbreviated as PHR or Physicians Herbal Reference in my mind) |
| CAMPESTEROL | root | Terpenoids | Steroids | Cholestane steroids | - | Gruenwald, J. et al. 1998. PDR for Herbal Medicine. 1st ed. Medical Economics Co., Montvale, NJ. 1244 pp. (abbreviated as PHR or Physicians Herbal Reference in my mind) |
| CHLOROGENIC-ACID | - | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Phenylpropanoids (C6-C3) | Cinnamic acids and derivatives | 200-5000 ppm | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| CHLOROGENIC-ACID | aerial parts | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Phenylpropanoids (C6-C3) | Cinnamic acids and derivatives | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| CHLOROGENIC-ACID | flower | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Phenylpropanoids (C6-C3) | Cinnamic acids and derivatives | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| CHLOROGENIC-ACID | leaf | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Phenylpropanoids (C6-C3) | Cinnamic acids and derivatives | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| CINNAMIC-ACID | - | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Phenylpropanoids (C6-C3) | Cinnamic acids and derivatives | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| CITRAL | - | Terpenoids | Monoterpenoids | Acyclic monoterpenoids | - | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| COUMARIN | - | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Coumarins | Simple coumarins | - | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| D-GLUCURONIC-ACID | root | Carbohydrates | Saccharides | Monosaccharides | - | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| DAUCOSTEROL | root | Terpenoids | Steroids | Stigmastane steroids | 109 ppm | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| DAUCOSTEROL-6'-O-PALMITATE | root | Terpenoids | Steroids | Stigmastane steroids | 6 ppm | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| DEHYDROCONIFERYL-ALCOHOL | root | - | - | - | 440 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| DEHYDRODICONIFERYL-ALCOHOL | root | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Lignans | Neolignans | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| FERULIC ACID | - | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Phenylpropanoids (C6-C3) | Cinnamic acids and derivatives | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| FUCOSE | leaf | Carbohydrates | Saccharides | Disaccharides | - | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| FUMARIC-ACID | - | Fatty acids | Fatty Acids and Conjugates | Dicarboxylic acids | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| GALACTINOL | root | Carbohydrates | Polyols | Cyclitols | - | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| GALLIC-ACID | - | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Phenolic acids (C6-C1) | Gallotannins | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| GLUCOSAMINE | root | Carbohydrates | Aminosugars and aminoglycosides | Aminosugars | 250 ppm | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| GLYCERIC-ACID | - | Fatty acids | Fatty Acids and Conjugates | Hydroxy fatty acids | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| GLYCEROL | seed | - | - | - | 6975-9045 ppm | ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes. |
| GLYCOLIC-ACID | - | - | - | - | - | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| HISTAMINE | - | Alkaloids | Histidine alkaloids | Imidazole alkaloids | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| HISTAMINE | leaf | Alkaloids | Histidine alkaloids | Imidazole alkaloids | 30 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| HOMOVANILLIN | root | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Phenylpropanoids (C6-C3) | Cinnamic acids and derivatives | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| HOMOVANILLYL-ALCOHOL | - | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Phenylethanoids (C6-C2) | Phenylethanoids | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| HOMOVANILLYL-ALCOHOL | root | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Phenylethanoids (C6-C2) | Phenylethanoids | 20 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| HOMOVANILLYL-ALCOHOL-4'-O-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE | root | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Phenylethanoids (C6-C2) | Phenylethanoids | 30 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| INOSITOL | leaf | Carbohydrates | Polyols | Cyclitols | 2-10 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| IRESINOL | root | - | - | - | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| ISOCITRIC-ACID | - | Fatty acids | Fatty Acids and Conjugates | Dicarboxylic acids | - | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| ISOLARIC | root | - | - | - | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| ISOPENTENYL-ADENOSINE | - | Alkaloids | Pseudoalkaloids | Purine alkaloids | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| ISOQUERCETIN | - | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Flavonoids | Flavonols | 200 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| ISOQUERCETIN | aerial parts | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Flavonoids | Flavonols | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| ISOQUERCETIN | flower | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Flavonoids | Flavonols | 100-200 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| ISOQUERCETIN | flower | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Flavonoids | Flavonols | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| ISOQUERCETIN | leaf | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Flavonoids | Flavonols | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| ISOQUERCETIN | root | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Flavonoids | Flavonols | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| ISORHAMNETIN | flower | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Flavonoids | Flavonols | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| ISORHAMNETIN | flower | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Flavonoids | Flavonols | - | Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. |
| ISORHAMNETIN 3-O-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE | - | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Flavonoids | Flavonols | 200 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| ISORHAMNETIN 3-RUTINOSIDE | - | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Flavonoids | Flavonols | 50 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| ISORHAMNETIN-3-O-NEOHESPERIDOSIDE | - | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Flavonoids | Flavonols | 150 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| KAEMPFEROL | - | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Flavonoids | Flavonols | - | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| KAEMPFEROL | flower | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Flavonoids | Flavonols | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| KAEMPFEROL-3-ALPHA-L-RHAMNOPYRANOSYL(1-6)-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE | flower | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Flavonoids | Flavonols | 4000 ppm | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| KOPROPORPHYRIN | - | Alkaloids | Lysine alkaloids | Piperidine alkaloids | - | List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| LUTEIN | seed | Terpenoids | Carotenoids (C40) | Carotenoids (C40, β-ε) | 10-25 ppm | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| LUTEIN-EPOXIDE = TARAXANTHIN | leaf | Terpenoids | Carotenoids (C40) | Carotenoids (C40, β-ε) | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| LUTEOXANTHIN | leaf | Terpenoids | Carotenoids (C40) | Carotenoids (C40, β-β) | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| LYCOPENE | - | Terpenoids | Carotenoids (C40) | Carotenoids (C40, Ψ-Ψ) | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| MALIC-ACID | - | Fatty acids | Fatty Acids and Conjugates | Dicarboxylic acids | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| MALTOSE | root | Carbohydrates | Saccharides | Disaccharides | - | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| NEOOLIVIL | root | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Lignans | Furanoid lignans | 17-30 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| NEOOLIVIL-4-O-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE | root | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Lignans | Furanoid lignans | 40 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| OLIVIL | - | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Lignans | Furanoid lignans | - | Gruenwald, J. et al. 1998. PDR for Herbal Medicine. 1st ed. Medical Economics Co., Montvale, NJ. 1244 pp. (abbreviated as PHR or Physicians Herbal Reference in my mind) |
| OXALIC-ACID | - | Fatty acids | Fatty Acids and Conjugates | Dicarboxylic acids | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| PHENYLPROPANE | root | - | - | - | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| PHOSPHATIDYL-CHOLINE | - | Fatty acids | Glycerophospholipids | Glycerophosphocholines | - | Antonopoulou, S., Demopoulos, C. A., Andrikopoulos, N. K. 1996. Lipid separation from Urtica doica: Existence of platelet-activating factor. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 44(10): 3052-3056. |
| PHOSPHATIDYL-CHOLINE | root | Fatty acids | Glycerophospholipids | Glycerophosphocholines | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| PHOSPHATIDYL-ETHANOLAMINE | - | Fatty acids | Glycerophospholipids | Glycerophosphocholines | - | Antonopoulou, S., Demopoulos, C. A., Andrikopoulos, N. K. 1996. Lipid separation from Urtica doica: Existence of platelet-activating factor. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 44(10): 3052-3056. |
| PHOSPHATIDYL-ETHANOLAMINE | root | Fatty acids | Glycerophospholipids | Glycerophosphocholines | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| PHOSPHATIDYL-INOSITOL | - | Fatty acids | Glycerophospholipids | Glycerophosphoinositols | - | Antonopoulou, S., Demopoulos, C. A., Andrikopoulos, N. K. 1996. Lipid separation from Urtica doica: Existence of platelet-activating factor. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 44(10): 3052-3056. |
| PHOSPHATIDYL-INOSITOL | root | Fatty acids | Glycerophospholipids | Glycerophosphoinositols | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| PINORESIONOL | root | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Lignans | Furofuranoid lignans | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| PROTOPORPHYRIN | - | Alkaloids | - | - | - | List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| QUERCETIN | - | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Flavonoids | Flavonols | - | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| QUERCETIN | flower | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Flavonoids | Flavonols | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| QUERCETIN-3-BETA-RUTINOSIDE | aerial parts | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Flavonoids | Flavonols | 500-6000 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| QUERCETIN-3-BETA-RUTINOSIDE | flower | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Flavonoids | Flavonols | 7000 ppm | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| QUERCETIN-3-BETA-RUTINOSIDE | leaf | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Flavonoids | Flavonols | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| QUERCETIN-3-BETA-RUTINOSIDE | root | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Flavonoids | Flavonols | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| QUERCETIN-3-O-BETA-GLUCOSIDE = ISOQUERCETIN | - | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Flavonoids | Flavonols | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| QUINIC-ACID | - | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Phenolic acids (C6-C1) | Shikimic acids and derivatives | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| RAFFINOSE | root | Carbohydrates | Saccharides | Disaccharides | - | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| SCOPOLETIN | - | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Coumarins | Simple coumarins | 1-10 ppm | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| SCOPOLETIN | flower | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Coumarins | Simple coumarins | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| SCOPOLETIN | root | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Coumarins | Simple coumarins | 3-36 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| SECOISOLARICIRESINOL-9-O-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE | root | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Lignans | Arylnaphthalene and aryltetralin lignans | 40 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| SINAPIC-ACID | - | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Phenylpropanoids (C6-C3) | Cinnamic acids and derivatives | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| SINAPIC-ACID | leaf | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Phenylpropanoids (C6-C3) | Cinnamic acids and derivatives | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| SITOSTEROL-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE | leaf | Terpenoids | Steroids | Stigmastane steroids | 45-76 ppm | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| STACHYOSE | root | Carbohydrates | Saccharides | Polysaccharides | - | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| STIGMAST-4-EN-3-ONE | root | Terpenoids | Steroids | Stigmastane steroids | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| TANNIC-ACID | - | Polyketides | Aromatic polyketides | Depsides | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| THREONIC-ACID | - | Carbohydrates | Fatty Acids and Conjugates | Hydroxy fatty acids | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| THREONO-1,4-LACTONE | - | - | - | - | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| TRANS-VIOLAXANTHIN | - | Terpenoids | Carotenoids (C40) | Carotenoids (C40, β-β) | - | List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| TRANS-VIOLAXANTHIN | leaf | Terpenoids | Carotenoids (C40) | Carotenoids (C40, β-β) | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| TRANS-VIOLAXANTHIN | seed | Terpenoids | Carotenoids (C40) | Carotenoids (C40, β-β) | 10-25 ppm | Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. |
| TRANS-ZEATIN | - | Alkaloids | Pseudoalkaloids | Purine alkaloids | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| TRANS-ZEATIN | leaf | Alkaloids | Pseudoalkaloids | Purine alkaloids | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| TRANS-ZEATIN | root | Alkaloids | Pseudoalkaloids | Purine alkaloids | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| TRANS-ZEATIN | stem | Alkaloids | Pseudoalkaloids | Purine alkaloids | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| URSOLIC-ACID | root | Terpenoids | Triterpenoids | Ursane and Taraxastane triterpenoids | 15 ppm | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| URTICA-ARABINOGALACTAN-RP-5 | root | - | - | - | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| URTICA-RHAMNOGALACTURAN-RP-3 | root | - | - | - | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| URTICA-RHAMNOGALACTURAN-RP-4 | root | - | - | - | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| URTICA-TERPENE-DIOL-1 | root | Terpenoids | Monoterpenoids | Pinane monoterpenoids | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| URTICA-TERPENE-DIOL-2 | root | Terpenoids | Monoterpenoids | Pinane monoterpenoids | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| URTICA-TERPENE-DIOL-3 | root | Terpenoids | Monoterpenoids | Pinane monoterpenoids | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| VANILLIN | root | Shikimates and Phenylpropanoids | Phenolic acids (C6-C1) | Cinnamic acids and derivatives | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| ZEATIN-NUCLEOTIDE | - | - | - | - | - | Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press. |
| ZEATIN-O-GLUCOSIDE | leaf | Alkaloids | Pseudoalkaloids | Purine alkaloids | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| ZEATIN-O-GLUCOSIDE | root | Alkaloids | Pseudoalkaloids | Purine alkaloids | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| ZEATIN-O-GLUCOSIDE | stem | Alkaloids | Pseudoalkaloids | Purine alkaloids | - | Jim Duke's personal files. |